Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the penne pasta and cook according to package instructions until just al dente. Drain and set aside.
Heat 1 tablespoon of olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the sliced onions and green bell peppers, cooking until softened and slightly caramelized, about 6-8 minutes. Add the minced garlic and sauté for another minute until fragrant. Remove the vegetables from the skillet and set aside.
In the same skillet, add the remaining tablespoon of olive oil. Increase heat to medium-high and add the thinly sliced beef steak. Cook until browned and cooked through, about 4-5 minutes. Season with salt and pepper. Remove from heat.
In a mixing bowl, combine the softened cream cheese, beef broth, Worcestershire sauce, and Italian seasoning. Whisk until smooth and creamy.
In the large skillet or a mixing bowl, return the cooked beef, sautéed vegetables, and drained pasta. Pour the cream cheese sauce over everything and gently toss to combine.
Transfer the mixture to a greased 9x13 inch baking dish. Sprinkle the shredded provolone and mozzarella evenly over the top.
Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Bake the pasta casserole uncovered for 20-25 minutes or until the cheese is melted, bubbly, and golden brown on top.
Remove from the oven and let it cool for a few minutes before serving. This dish pairs beautifully with a simple green salad or steamed veggies.