Preheat the oven to 350°F. Grease and flour a 9x9-inch pan.
In a medium saucepan over medium-low heat, combine the 50 unwrapped caramels and 1/3 cup of the evaporated milk. Stir constantly until the caramels are completely melted and the mixture is smooth. Remove from heat and set aside.
In a large bowl, combine the 15.25-ounce box German chocolate cake mix, the remaining 2/3 cup evaporated milk, and the 3/4 cup (1½ sticks) melted salted butter. Mix by hand until the batter is smooth and no dry streaks remain.
Spoon just over half of the batter into the prepared pan and spread it into an even layer.
Bake the pan for 8 minutes. Remove from the oven while the base is partially cooked.
Immediately sprinkle all 12 ounces of the semi-sweet chocolate chips evenly over the partially baked layer.
Drizzle all of the warm caramel evenly over the chocolate chips.
Drop spoonfuls of the remaining batter over the caramel and chocolate chips (it may not completely cover the caramel).
Return the pan to the oven and bake 18–20 minutes more, until the top feels fairly set and the edges are lightly browned and crisp.
Let the brownies cool completely in the pan before cutting (they will firm up as they cool).