In a shallow dish, whisk together 1 1/2 cups buttermilk, 5 eggs, 2 Tbsp granulated sugar, and 1 tsp vanilla extract until smooth (the mixture may seem to curdle at first—keep whisking).
Preheat a nonstick or well‑seasoned cast‑iron griddle or skillet over medium heat.
Working with one 3/4‑inch slice of bread at a time, dip a slice into the buttermilk mixture for about 20 seconds per side, or until just soaked through. Let any excess drip back into the dish.
Place the soaked slice on the preheated griddle and cook until the bottom is golden brown, about 1 to 2 minutes.
Flip the slice and cook until the opposite side is golden brown and the center is cooked through, about 1 to 2 minutes more. Reduce the heat if slices are browning too quickly.
As slices finish, keep them warm on a baking sheet in a 200°F oven while you cook the remaining slices.
Serve the French toast immediately.