Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add 8 ounces of penne pasta and cook according to package instructions until al dente (about 10-12 minutes). Drain the pasta and set it aside. Do not rinse.
Heat 2 tablespoons of olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add diced onion and cook for 3-4 minutes until softened and translucent.
Stir in minced garlic and cook for another 1 minute until fragrant.
Add sliced mushrooms and sauté until golden brown and moisture evaporates, about 6-8 minutes.
Add chopped fresh spinach to the skillet and stir until wilted, about 2-3 minutes. Sprinkle in Italian seasoning and season with salt and freshly cracked black pepper to taste.
Pour 1 cup of heavy cream into the skillet with the vegetables. Stir and let simmer gently for 2-3 minutes until sauce slightly thickens.
Add cooked penne pasta to the skillet and stir well to coat with the creamy sauce.
Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Transfer pasta mixture into a greased 9x9-inch baking dish. Evenly sprinkle shredded mozzarella cheese and grated Parmesan cheese on top.
Bake uncovered for 20-25 minutes, until cheese is melted, bubbly, and golden brown on top.
Let the casserole cool for a few minutes before serving to allow the sauce to set. Enjoy!