Start by patting the chicken thighs dry with paper towels. Season both sides with kosher salt and black pepper.
Set your Instant Pot to the sauté function. Add the olive oil and let it heat up for a minute. Once hot, add the seasoned chicken thighs, skin-side down, and brown for about 3-4 minutes. Flip and brown the other side for another 3 minutes. Once browned, remove the chicken from the pot and set aside.
In the same pot, add the minced garlic and sauté for 30 seconds until fragrant. Scrape up any brown bits from the bottom of the pot.
Pour in the soy sauce, sugar, white vinegar, and bay leaves. Stir to combine and let it simmer for a minute.
Return the browned chicken thighs to the pot, skin-side up. Secure the lid and set it to cook on high pressure for 10 minutes. Allow for a natural release for 5 minutes before switching to a quick release.
Once the pressure is released, remove the lid and carefully take out the chicken. Optionally, place the chicken under the broiler for 3-5 minutes for crispier skin. Serve with sauce drizzled over the chicken and garnish with freshly diced chives.