Start by setting your Instant Pot to the sauté mode. Add the butter and allow it to melt. Once melted, add the diced chicken, smoked paprika, garlic powder, onion powder, mustard powder, salt, and pepper. Sauté the chicken until it’s slightly browned and cooked through, about 4-5 minutes.
Next, add the dry penne pasta and chicken broth to the pot. Stir everything together, ensuring the pasta is submerged in the liquid.
Seal the Instant Pot lid and set it to manual high pressure for 6 minutes. Once the cooking time is complete, quickly release the pressure using the quick-release valve. Be cautious of the steam!
After the pressure has been released, open the lid and add the cream cheese and broccoli florets. Stir well until the cream cheese is fully melted and incorporated into the mixture.
Pour in the heavy cream and stir to combine. Then, add the Colby Jack cheese and Parmesan cheese, stirring until everything is creamy and cheesy. If you like a little heat, sprinkle in the crushed red pepper flakes at this point.
Spoon the pasta into bowls and garnish with additional Parmesan cheese and fresh basil, if desired. Enjoy your delicious Instant Pot Chicken Broccoli Pasta!