Heat 1 tablespoon of olive oil in your large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the sliced chicken breast, seasoning with salt, pepper, chili powder, cumin, and paprika. Cook for about 5-7 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the chicken is browned and cooked through. Remove the chicken from the pan and set aside.
In the same skillet, add the remaining tablespoon of olive oil. Toss in the sliced bell pepper, onion, and minced garlic. Sauté for 4-5 minutes until the vegetables are tender but still have a slight crunch.
Return the cooked chicken to the skillet with the vegetables. Pour in the chicken broth and add the uncooked penne pasta. Stir everything together well, making sure the pasta is evenly distributed.
Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce heat to medium-low. Cover the skillet and let it simmer for about 12-15 minutes, stirring occasionally. If the liquid dries out too quickly, add a splash of extra broth or water.
Once the pasta is tender and most of the liquid has been absorbed, remove the skillet from heat. Sprinkle the shredded cheddar cheese evenly over the top. Cover the pan again and let the cheese melt for 2-3 minutes. Garnish with fresh cilantro before serving.