In a large bowl, combine the ground beef with garlic powder, onion powder, black pepper, and salt. Mix gently with your hands or a spoon until the seasonings are evenly distributed but be careful not to overwork the meat, as this can make the burgers tough.
Divide the beef mixture into four equal portions. Shape each into a round patty, about 3/4 inch thick, making a slight indentation in the center of each patty with your thumb to help the burger cook evenly and prevent puffing up.
Heat a skillet or grill pan over medium-high heat. Once hot, place the patties on the pan and cook for 3-4 minutes on the first side without pressing down. Flip the patties and immediately add a slice of cheddar cheese on top of each. Cook another 3-4 minutes until the cheese is melted and the burger is cooked through.
While the burgers are cooking, slice the whole wheat buns and toast them lightly in a separate pan or under the broiler until golden brown to add crunch and prevent sogginess.
In a small bowl, mix together the mayonnaise, mustard, and ketchup to create a creamy, tangy sauce.
Spread a generous tablespoon of sauce on both the top and bottom buns. On the bottom bun, layer the shredded lettuce, then place the cheesy burger patty on top. Add a slice of tomato and some onion rings, then finish with the top bun.
Serve immediately with your favorite side dishes like crispy fries or a fresh salad for a classic diner meal.